Publications

@inproceedings{rasul2023laglama,
  title = {{Lag-Llama: Towards Foundation Models for Probabilistic Time Series Forecasting}},
  author = {Kashif Rasul and Arjun Ashok and Andrew Robert Williams and Hena Ghonia and Rishika Bhagwatkar and Arian Khorasani and Mohammad Javad Darvishi Bayazi and George Adamopoulos and Roland Riachi and Nadhir Hassen and Marin Biloš and Sahil Garg and Anderson Schneider and Nicolas Chapados and Alexandre Drouin and Valentina Zantedeschi and Yuriy Nevmyvaka and Irina Rish},
  year = {2023},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2023 Workshop on Robustness of Few-shot and Zero-shot Learning in Large Foundation Models (R0-FoMo)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=jYluzCLFDM},
}

@incollection{Havaei2016,
  title = {{HeMIS: Hetero-Modal Image Segmentation}},
  author = {Mohammad Havaei and Nicolas Guizard and Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2016},
  howpublished = {Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2016). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9901},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.05194},
}

@inproceedings{pmlr-v162-drouin22a,
  title = {{TACTiS: Transformer-Attentional Copulas for Time Series}},
  author = {Alexandre Drouin and Étienne Marcotte and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2022},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning},
  url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v162/drouin22a.html},
}

@inbook{AIIF:EEAI,
  title = {{Explaining Explainable AI}},
  author = {Richard Zuroff and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2023},
  howpublished = {Artificial Intelligence in Finance: Challenges, Opportunities and Regulatory Developments},
  doi = {10.4337/9781803926179.00010},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803926179.00010},
}

@inbook{BSPBD:IFDC:2019,
  title = {{Information Fusion in Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation}},
  author = {Mohammad Havaei and Nicolas Guizard and Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2018},
  howpublished = {Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Biomedical Big Data},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351061223-15},
}

@book{C:PCP:2011,
  title = {{Portfolio Choice Problems: an Introductory Survey of Single and Multiperiod Models}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2011},
  howpublished = {Springer},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0577-1},
}

@book{C:AAGP:2010,
  title = {{Algorithmes d'apprentissage en gestion de portefeuille: optimisation et combinaison de réseaux de neurones; application à la répartition d'actifs sous contrainte de valeur à risque}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2010},
  howpublished = {Éditions Universitaires Européennes},
}

@inproceedings{DBCVDF:SLAAIR:2003,
  title = {{Statistical Learning Algorithms Applied to Automobile Insurance Ratemaking}},
  author = {Charles Dugas and Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados and Pascal Vincent and Germain Denoncourt and Christian Fournier},
  year = {2003},
  booktitle = {Intelligent Techniques for The Insurance Industry: Theory and Applications},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/chapter_final.pdf},
}

@article{ashok2026beyondnaive,
  title = {{Beyond Naïve Prompting: Strategies for Improved Context-aided Forecasting with LLMs}},
  author = {Arjun Ashok and Andrew Robert Williams and Vincent Zhihao Zheng and Irina Rish and Nicolas Chapados and Étienne Marcotte and Valentina Zantedeschi and Alexandre Drouin},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Transactions on Machine Learning Research},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=dkjHHFJkVI},
}

@article{hattami2025spaced,
  title = {{Spaced Scheduling for Large Language Model Training}},
  author = {Amine El Hattami and Nicolas Chapados and Christopher Pal},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Transactions on Machine Learning Research},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=p0KTYl2B9T},
}

@article{Kafaei_2024,
  title = {{Dynamic Routing and Wavelength Assignment with Reinforcement Learning}},
  author = {Peyman Kafaei and Quentin Cappart and Nicolas Chapados and Hamed Pouya and Louis-Martin Rousseau},
  year = {2024},
  journal = {INFORMS Journal on Optimization},
  doi = {10.1287/ijoo.2023.0092},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoo.2023.0092},
}

@article{Kafaei_2021,
  title = {{Graph neural networks and deep reinforcement learning for simultaneous beam orientation and trajectory optimization of Cyberknife}},
  author = {Peyman Kafaei and Quentin Cappart and Marc-Andre Renaud and Nicolas Chapados and Louis-Martin Rousseau},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {Physics in Medicine & Biology},
  doi = {10.1088/1361-6560/ac2bb5},
  url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac2bb5},
}

@article{Byrnegutjnl-2017-314547,
  title = {{Real-time differentiation of adenomatous and hyperplastic diminutive colorectal polyps during analysis of unaltered videos of standard colonoscopy using a deep learning model}},
  author = {Michael F Byrne and Nicolas Chapados and Florian Soudan and Clemens Oertel and Milagros Linares Perez and Raymond Kelly and Nadeem Iqbal and Florent Chandelier and Douglas K Rex},
  year = {2019},
  journal = {Gut},
  doi = {10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314547},
  url = {http://gut.bmj.com/content/early/2017/10/24/gutjnl-2017-314547},
}

@article{CJER:RSSFP:2014,
  title = {{Retail store scheduling for profit}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Marc Joliveau and Pierre L’Ecuyer and Louis-Martin Rousseau},
  year = {2014},
  journal = {European Journal of Operational Research},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2014.05.033},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221714004561},
}

@article{BCDHSLL:DC:2012,
  title = {{Detonation Classification from Acoustic Signature with the Restricted Boltzmann Machine}},
  author = {Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados and Olivier Delalleau and Christian Hudon and Xavier Saint-Mleux and Hugo Larochelle and Jérôme Louradour},
  year = {2012},
  journal = {Computational Intelligence},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.2012.00419.x},
}

@article{DCDSV:HOFS:2011,
  title = {{A High-Order Feature Synthesis and Selection Algorithm Applied to Insurance Risk Modelling}},
  author = {Charles Dugas and Nicolas Chapados and Réjean Ducharme and Xavier Saint-Mleux and Pascal Vincent},
  year = {2011},
  journal = {International Journal of Business Intelligence and Data Mining},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbidm.2011.041957},
}

@article{CB:NKBPADP:2007,
  title = {{Noisy K Best-Paths for Approximate Dynamic Programming with Application to Portfolio Optimization}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2007},
  journal = {Journal of Computers},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.4304/jcp.2.1.12-19},
}

@article{BC:EMBMS:2003,
  title = {{Extensions to Metric-Based Model Selection}},
  author = {Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2003},
  journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
  url = {https://www.jmlr.org/papers/volume3/bengio03b/bengio03b.pdf},
}

@article{CB:CFMC:2001,
  title = {{Cost Functions and Model Combination for VaR-Based Asset Allocation Using Neural Networks}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2001},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/72.935098},
}

@inproceedings{abaskohi2026drbench,
  title = {{DRBench: A Realistic Benchmark for Enterprise Deep Research}},
  author = {Amirhossein Abaskohi and Tianyi Chen and Miguel Muñoz-Mármol and Curtis Fox and Amrutha Varshini Ramesh and Étienne Marcotte and Xing Han Lù and Nicolas Chapados and Spandana Gella and Christopher Pal and Alexandre Drouin and Issam H. Laradji},
  year = {2026},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2026)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=IGYQ4c92e2},
}

@inproceedings{feizi2026grounding,
  title = {{Grounding Computer Use Agents on Human Demonstrations}},
  author = {Aarash Feizi and Shravan Nayak and Xiangru Jian and Kevin Qinghong Lin and Kaixin Li and Rabiul Awal and Xing Han Lù and Johan S. Obando-Ceron and Juan A. Rodríguez and Nicolas Chapados and David Vázquez and Adriana Romero-Soriano and Reihaneh Rabbany and Perouz Taslakian and Christopher Pal and Spandana Gella and Sai Rajeswar},
  year = {2026},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2026)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=9WiPZy3Kro},
}

@inproceedings{behnamghader2026llm2vecgen,
  title = {{LLM2Vec-Gen: Generative Embeddings from Large Language Models}},
  author = {Parishad BehnamGhader and Vaibhav Adlakha and Fabian David Schmidt and Nicolas Chapados and Marius Mosbach and Siva Reddy},
  year = {2026},
  booktitle = {Conference on Language Modeling (COLM 2026)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=beZvWBRRtM},
}

@inproceedings{boisvert2026malice,
  title = {{Malice in Agentland: Down the Rabbit Hole of Backdoors in the AI Supply Chain}},
  author = {Léo Boisvert and Abhay Puri and Chandra Kiran Reddy Evuru and Nazanin Mohammadi Sepahvand and Nicolas Chapados and Quentin Cappart and Alexandre Lacoste and Krishnamurthy Dvijotham and Alexandre Drouin and Jason Stanley},
  year = {2026},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM Conference on AI and Agentic Systems (CAIS 2026)},
  doi = {10.1145/3786335.3813166},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05159},
}

@inproceedings{stanczak2026societal,
  title = {{Societal Frameworks Can Improve LLM Alignment}},
  author = {Karolina Stańczak and Nicholas Meade and Mehar Bhatia and Hattie Zhou and Konstantin Böttinger and Jeremy Barnes and Jason Stanley and Nicolas Papernot and Nicolas Chapados and Denis Therien and Timothy P. Lillicrap and Ana Marasović and Sylvie Delacroix and Gillian K. Hadfield and Siva Reddy},
  year = {2026},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT 2026)},
  doi = {10.1145/3805689.3806486},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.00069},
}

@inproceedings{masry2025alignvlm,
  title = {{AlignVLM: Bridging Vision and Language Latent Spaces for Multimodal Document Understanding}},
  author = {Ahmed Masry and Juan A. Rodríguez and Tianyu Zhang and Suyuchen Wang and Chao Wang and Aarash Feizi and Akshay Kalkunte Suresh and Abhay Puri and Xiangru Jian and Pierre-André Noël and Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan and Marco Pedersoli and Bang Liu and Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio and Enamul Hoque and Christopher Pal and Issam Hadj Laradji and David Vázquez and Perouz Taslakian and Spandana Gella and Sai Rajeswar},
  year = {2025},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 38 (NeurIPS 2025)},
  doi = {10.52202/085713-4875},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.01341},
}

@inproceedings{rodriguez2025bigdocs,
  title = {{BigDocs: An Open Dataset for Training Multimodal Models on Document and Code Tasks}},
  author = {Juan A. Rodríguez and Xiangru Jian and Siba Smarak Panigrahi and Tianyu Zhang and Aarash Feizi and Abhay Puri and Akshay Kalkunte and François Savard and Ahmed Masry and Shravan Nayak and Rabiul Awal and Mahsa Massoud and Amirhossein Abaskohi and Zichao Li and Suyuchen Wang and Pierre-André Noël and Mats Leon Richter and Saverio Vadacchino and Shubbam Agarwal and Sanket Biswas and Sara Shanian and Ying Zhang and Noah Bolger and Kurt MacDonald and Simon Fauvel and Sathwik Tejaswi and Srinivas Sunkara and João Monteiro and Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham and Torsten Scholak and Nicolas Chapados and Sepideh Kharagani and Sean Hughes and M. Tamer Özsu and Siva Reddy and Marco Pedersoli and Yoshua Bengio and Christopher Pal and Issam H. Laradji and Spandana Gella and Perouz Taslakian and David Vázquez and Sai Rajeswar},
  year = {2025},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2025)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=b1ivBPLb1n},
}

@inproceedings{sahu2025insightbench,
  title = {{InsightBench: Evaluating Business Analytics Agents Through Multi-Step Insight Generation}},
  author = {Gaurav Sahu and Abhay Puri and Juan A. Rodríguez and Amirhossein Abaskohi and Mohammad Chegini and Alexandre Drouin and Perouz Taslakian and Valentina Zantedeschi and Alexandre Lacoste and David Vázquez and Nicolas Chapados and Christopher Pal and Sai Rajeswar and Issam H. Laradji},
  year = {2025},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2025)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=ZGqd0cbBvm},
}

@inproceedings{nayak2025uivision,
  title = {{UI-Vision: A Desktop-centric GUI Benchmark for Visual Perception and Interaction}},
  author = {Shravan Nayak and Xiangru Jian and Kevin Qinghong Lin and Juan A. Rodríguez and Montek Kalsi and Nicolas Chapados and M. Tamer Özsu and Aishwarya Agrawal and David Vázquez and Christopher Pal and Perouz Taslakian and Spandana Gella and Sai Rajeswar},
  year = {2025},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2025)},
  url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v267/nayak25a.html},
}

@inproceedings{monteiro2024repliqa,
  title = {{RepLiQA: A Question-Answering Dataset for Benchmarking LLMs on Unseen Reference Content}},
  author = {João Monteiro and Pierre-André Noël and Étienne Marcotte and Sai Rajeswar and Valentina Zantedeschi and David Vázquez and Nicolas Chapados and Christopher Pal and Perouz Taslakian},
  year = {2024},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), Datasets and Benchmarks Track},
  doi = {10.52202/079017-0764},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.11811},
}

@inproceedings{ashok2024tactis2,
  title = {{TACTiS-2: Better, Faster, Simpler Attentional Copulas for Multivariate Time Series}},
  author = {Arjun Ashok and Étienne Marcotte and Valentina Zantedeschi and Nicolas Chapados and Alexandre Drouin},
  year = {2024},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2024)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=xtOydkE1Ku},
}

@inproceedings{monteiro2024xccache,
  title = {{XC-Cache: Cross-Attending to Cached Context for Efficient LLM Inference}},
  author = {João Monteiro and Étienne Marcotte and Pierre-André Noël and Valentina Zantedeschi and David Vázquez and Nicolas Chapados and Christopher Pal and Perouz Taslakian},
  year = {2024},
  booktitle = {Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024},
  doi = {10.18653/v1/2024.findings-emnlp.896},
  url = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.896.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{EtienneMarcotte2023,
  title = {{Regions of Reliability in the Evaluation of Multivariate Probabilistic Forecasts}},
  author = {Étienne Marcotte and Valentina Zantedeschi and Alexandre Drouin and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2023},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2023)},
  url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v202/marcotte23a.html},
}

@inproceedings{pmlr-v162-drouin22a,
  title = {{TACTiS: Transformer-Attentional Copulas for Time Series}},
  author = {Alexandre Drouin and Étienne Marcotte and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2022},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning},
  url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v162/drouin22a.html},
}

@inproceedings{oreshkin2021a,
  title = {{Meta-learning framework with applications to zero-shot time-series forecasting}},
  author = {Boris N. Oreshkin and Dmitri Carpov and Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2021},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i10.17115},
}

@inproceedings{jiang2018learning,
  title = {{Learning to Learn with Conditional Class Dependencies}},
  author = {Xiang Jiang and Mohammad Havaei and Farshid Varno and Gabriel Chartrand and Nicolas Chapados and Stan Matwin},
  year = {2019},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=BJfOXnActQ},
}

@article{Byrne_2018,
  title = {{Real-Time Artificial Intelligence “Full Colonoscopy Workflow” for Automatic Detection Followed by Optical Biopsy of Colorectal Polyps}},
  author = {Michael F. Byrne and Florian Soudan and Milagros Henkel and Clemens Oertel and Nicolas Chapados and Francisco J. Echagüe and Sina Hamidi Ghalehjegh and Nicolas Guizard and Sébastien Giguère and Margaret E. MacPhail and Andrew Sullivan and Florent Chandelier and Douglas K. Rex},
  year = {2018},
  journal = {Gastrointestinal Endoscopy},
  doi = {10.1016/j.gie.2018.04.2037},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2018.04.2037},
}

@article{Byrne_2017,
  title = {{Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Endoscopy–-Deep Learning for Optical Biopsy of Colorectal Polyps in Real-Time on Unaltered Endoscopic Videos}},
  author = {Michael F. Byrne and Nicolas Chapados and Florian Soudan and Clemens Oertel and Milagros L. Linares Pérez and Raymond Kelly and Nadeem Iqbal and Florent Chandelier and Douglas K. Rex},
  year = {2017},
  journal = {Gastrointestinal Endoscopy},
  doi = {10.1016/j.gie.2017.03.843},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2017.03.843},
}

@incollection{Jesson2017,
  title = {{CASED: Curriculum Adaptive Sampling for Extreme Data Imbalance}},
  author = {Andrew Jesson and Nicolas Guizard and Sina Hamidi Ghalehjegh and Damien Goblot and Florian Soudan and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2017},
  howpublished = {Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2017). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10435},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-66179-7_73},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66179-7_73},
}

@inproceedings{Byrne2016,
  title = {{Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In Endoscopy–Deep Learning For Optical Biopsy Of Colorectal Polyps In Real-Time On Unaltered Endoscopic Videos}},
  author = {Michael F. Byrne and Douglas K. Rex and Nicolas Chapados and Florian Soudan and Clemens Oertel and Milagros Linares Perez and R. Kelly and N. Iqbal and Florent Chandelier},
  year = {2016},
  booktitle = {United European Gastroenterology Journal},
  doi = {10.1177/2050640616663688},
  url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2050640616663688},
}

@inproceedings{Vorontsov2016,
  title = {{Automated Segmentation of Liver Metastases with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks}},
  author = {Eugene Vorontsov and Gabriel Chartrand and Olina Dagher and Vi Thuy Tran and Mathieu Flamand and Aline Khatchikian and Amine Smouk and Nicolas Siron and Anne-Catherine Maynard-Paquette and David Roy and Nicolas Chapados and Simon Turcotte and Real Lapointe and Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu and Bich Nguyen and Christopher Pal and Samuel Kadoury and An Tang},
  year = {2016},
  booktitle = {Radiological Society of North America 2016 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting},
}

@incollection{Havaei2016,
  title = {{HeMIS: Hetero-Modal Image Segmentation}},
  author = {Mohammad Havaei and Nicolas Guizard and Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2016},
  howpublished = {Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2016). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9901},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.05194},
}

@inproceedings{C:EBMGRCTS:2014,
  title = {{Effective Bayesian Modeling of Groups of Related Count Time Series}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2014},
  booktitle = {Journal of Machine Learning Research, Workshop and Conference Proceedings},
  url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v32/chapados14.html},
}

@inproceedings{CJR:RSWS:2011,
  title = {{Retail Store Workforce Scheduling by Expected Operating Income Maximization}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Marc Joliveau and Louis-Martin Rousseau},
  year = {2011},
  booktitle = {Integration of AI and OR Techniques in Constraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21311-3_7},
}

@inproceedings{MTBCD:SML:2009,
  title = {{Statistical Machine Learning Algorithms for Target Classification from Acoustic Signature}},
  author = {Vincent Mirelli and Stephen Tenney and Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados and Olivier Delalleau},
  year = {2009},
  booktitle = {Military Sensors and Systems},
}

@inproceedings{CB:AFTSR:2008,
  title = {{Augmented Functional Time Series Representation and Forecasting with Gaussian Processes}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2008},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 20},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/gp_spreads_nips07.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{CDVD:SMI:2008,
  title = {{Scoring Models for Insurance Risk Sharing Pool Optimization}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Charles Dugas and Pascal Vincent and Réjean Ducharme},
  year = {2008},
  booktitle = {Second International Workshop on Domain Driven Data Mining},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/icdm2008.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{CB:KBP:2006,
  title = {{The K Best-Paths Approach to Approximate Dynamic Programming with Application to Portfolio Optimization}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2006},
  booktitle = {Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/chapados_ai06.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{CBVGDTM:ECIP:2002,
  title = {{Estimating Car Insurance Premia: a Case Study in High-Dimensional Data Inference}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio and Pascal Vincent and Charles Dugas Joumana Ghosn and Ichiro Takeuchi and Linyan Meng},
  year = {2002},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14},
  url = {https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2001},
}

@inproceedings{BC:MBMS:2002,
  title = {{Metric-Based Model Selection for Time-Series Forecasting}},
  author = {Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2002},
  booktitle = {Neural Networks for Signal Processing XII},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/nnsp.2002.1030013},
}

@inproceedings{CB:ID:2001,
  title = {{Input Decay: Simple and Effective Soft Variable Selection}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2001},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/INNS International Joint Conference on Neural Networks 2001},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2001.939537},
}

@inproceedings{CB:CFMC:2000,
  title = {{Cost Functions and Model Combination for VaR-Based Asset Allocation Using Neural Networks}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2000},
  booktitle = {Computational Finance 2000},
}

@inproceedings{PCKLT:MIND:1999,
  title = {{A Mixed-Initiative Natural Dialogue System for Conference Room Reservation}},
  author = {Claudia Pateras and Nicolas Chapados and Remi Kwan and Dominic Lavoie and Réal Tremblay},
  year = {1999},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the EuroSpeech'99 Conference},
  url = {https://www.isca-archive.org/eurospeech_1999/pateras99_eurospeech.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{hattami2026skillnb,
  title = {{SKILL.nb: Selective Formalization and Gated Execution for Durable Agent Workflows}},
  author = {Amine El Hattami and Nicolas Chapados and Christopher Pal},
  year = {2026},
  booktitle = {ICML 2026 Workshop on Failure Modes in Agentic AI (FAGEN)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=zYh5EVYEtq},
}

@inproceedings{boisvert2025silentsabotage,
  title = {{Silent Sabotage: Injecting Backdoors into AI Agents Through Fine-Tuning}},
  author = {Léo Boisvert and Abhay Puri and Chandra Kiran Reddy Evuru and Joshua Kazdan and Avinandan Bose and Quentin Cappart and Maryam Fazel and Sai Rajeswar and Jason Stanley and Nicolas Chapados and Alexandre Drouin and Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham},
  year = {2025},
  booktitle = {ICML 2025 Workshop on Computer Use Agents},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=RwoMf7YSfD},
}

@inproceedings{hattami2025webarenaverified,
  title = {{WebArena Verified: Reliable Evaluation for Web Agents}},
  author = {Amine El Hattami and Megh Thakkar and Nicolas Chapados and Christopher Pal},
  year = {2025},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2025 Workshop on Scaling Environments for Agents (SEA)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=94tlGxmqkN},
}

@inproceedings{caccia2024finetuning,
  title = {{Fine-Tuning Web Agents: It Works, But It's Trickier Than You Think}},
  author = {Massimo Caccia and Megh Thakkar and Léo Boisvert and Thibault Le Sellier de Chezelles and Alexandre Piché and Nicolas Chapados and Alexandre Drouin and Maxime Gasse and Alexandre Lacoste},
  year = {2024},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2024 Workshop on Open-World Agents},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=SkwtxEkst2},
}

@inproceedings{laradji2023ctf,
  title = {{Capture the Flag: Uncovering Data Insights with Large Language Models}},
  author = {Issam Laradji and Perouz Taslakian and Sai Rajeswar and Valentina Zantedeschi and Alexandre Lacoste and Nicolas Chapados and David Vázquez and Christopher Pal and Alexandre Drouin},
  year = {2023},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2023 Workshop on Foundation Models for Decision Making},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=fkz5VfJCwo},
}

@inproceedings{rasul2023laglama,
  title = {{Lag-Llama: Towards Foundation Models for Probabilistic Time Series Forecasting}},
  author = {Kashif Rasul and Arjun Ashok and Andrew Robert Williams and Hena Ghonia and Rishika Bhagwatkar and Arian Khorasani and Mohammad Javad Darvishi Bayazi and George Adamopoulos and Roland Riachi and Nadhir Hassen and Marin Biloš and Sahil Garg and Anderson Schneider and Nicolas Chapados and Alexandre Drouin and Valentina Zantedeschi and Yuriy Nevmyvaka and Irina Rish},
  year = {2023},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2023 Workshop on Robustness of Few-shot and Zero-shot Learning in Large Foundation Models (R0-FoMo)},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=jYluzCLFDM},
}

@inproceedings{assouel2023unsolved,
  title = {{The Unsolved Challenges of LLMs as Generalist Web Agents: A Case Study}},
  author = {Rim Assouel and Tom Marty and Massimo Caccia and Issam Laradji and Alexandre Drouin and Sai Rajeswar and Hector Palacios and Quentin Cappart and David Vázquez and Nicolas Chapados and Maxime Gasse and Alexandre Lacoste},
  year = {2023},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2023 Workshop on Foundation Models for Decision Making},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=jt3il4fC5B},
}

@inproceedings{TFADGM:ICML:2018,
  title = {{Adversarially Learned Mixture Model}},
  author = {Andrew Jesson and Cécile Low-Kam and Florian Soudan and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2018},
  booktitle = {Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models, ICML 2018},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.05344},
}

@inproceedings{Jiang2018ataml,
  title = {{Attentive Task-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Text Classification}},
  author = {Xiang Jiang and Mohammad Havaei and Gabriel Chartrand and Hassan Chouaib and Thomas Vincent and Andrew Jesson and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2018},
  booktitle = {NeurIPS 2018 Second Workshop on Meta-Learning},
}

@inproceedings{DHHCCC:DILVM:2017,
  title = {{Data imputation with latent variable models}},
  author = {Michal Drozdzal and Mohammad Havaei and Chin-Way Huang and Laurent Charlin and Nicolas Chapados and Aaron Courville},
  year = {2017},
  booktitle = {Montreal AI Symposium 2017},
  url = {https://montrealaisymposium.wordpress.com/mais2017-accepted-papers/},
}

@inproceedings{CL:HBSSM:2014,
  title = {{Hierarchical Bayesian State-Space Model for Call Center Arrival Rate Forecasting}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Pierre L’Ecuyer},
  year = {2014},
  booktitle = {Journées de l'optimisation 2014},
}

@inproceedings{CJR:SMRS:2011,
  title = {{Stochastic Modeling of Retail Stores for Workforce Management}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Marc Joliveau and Louis-Martin Rousseau},
  year = {2011},
  booktitle = {2011 INFORMS Simulation Society Research Workshop},
}

@inproceedings{CD:NPVF:2010,
  title = {{Non-Parametric Volatility Forecasting with Gaussian Processes}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Christian Dorion},
  year = {2010},
  booktitle = {16th International Conference on Computing in Economics and Finance},
}

@inproceedings{CB:FCCS:2007,
  title = {{Forecasting Commodity Contract Spreads with Gaussian Processes}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2007},
  booktitle = {13th International Conference on Computing in Economics and Finance},
}

@inproceedings{VC:PMLL:2006,
  title = {{The PLearn Machine Learning Library}},
  author = {Pascal Vincent and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2006},
  booktitle = {NIPS Workshop on Machine Learning Open Source Software},
}

@inproceedings{C:KSPADP:2005,
  title = {{The K-Shortest-Paths Approach to Approximate Dynamic Programming}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2005},
  booktitle = {NIPS 2005 Workshop on Machine Learning in Finance},
}

@inproceedings{BCDGTV:HDDI:2001,
  title = {{High-dimensional data inference for automobile insurance premia estimation}},
  author = {Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados and Charles Dugas and Joumana Ghosn and Ichiro Takeuchi and Pascal Vincent},
  year = {2001},
  booktitle = {2001 MITACS Annual General Meeting},
}

@phdthesis{C:SMLAPM:2009,
  title = {{Sequential Machine Learning Approaches for Portfolio Management}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2009},
  school = {Université de Montréal},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/chapados_nicolas_2009_phd.pdf},
}

@mastersthesis{C:COAA:2000,
  title = {{Critères d'optimisation d'algorithmes d'apprentissage en gestion de portefeuille}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2000},
  school = {Université de Montréal},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/memoire_total.pdf},
}

@misc{radhakrishna2025apriel,
  title = {{Apriel-1.5-15B-Thinker: Mid-training is all you need}},
  author = {Shruthan Radhakrishna and Aman Tiwari and Aanjaneya Shukla and Masoud Hashemi and Rishabh Maheshwary and Shiva Krishna Reddy Malay and Jash Mehta and Pulkit Pattnaik and Saloni Mittal and Khalil Slimi and Kelechi Ogueji and Akintunde Oladipo and Soham Parikh and Oluwanifemi Bamgbose and Toby Liang and Ahmed Masry and Khyati Mahajan and Sai Rajeswar Mudumba and Vikas Yadav and Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan and Torsten Scholak and Sagar Davasam and Srinivas Sunkara and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {ServiceNow SLAM Lab Technical Report},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01141},
}

@article{chapados2023can,
  title = {{Can AI Read the Minds of Corporate Executives?}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Zhenzhen Fan and Ruslan Goyenko and Issam Hadj Laradji and Fred Liu and Chengyu Zhang},
  year = {2023},
  journal = {Preprint, Available at SSRN},
  url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4493166},
}

@misc{1806.00852,
  title = {{On the Importance of Attention in Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Text Classification}},
  author = {Xiang Jiang and Mohammad Havaei and Gabriel Chartrand and Hassan Chouaib and Thomas Vincent and Andrew Jesson and Nicolas Chapados and Stan Matwin},
  year = {2018},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.00852},
}

@misc{CD:VFEV:2014,
  title = {{Volatility Forecasting and Explanatory Variables: A Tractable Bayesian Approach to Stochastic Volatility}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Christian Dorion},
  year = {2013},
  howpublished = {Working Paper},
  url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1747945},
}

@misc{CB:FTCCS:2009,
  title = {{Forecasting and Trading Commodity Contract Spreads with Gaussian Processes}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2009},
  howpublished = {Working Paper},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/gp_spreads_ijf08.pdf},
}

@misc{CB:TGLMSD:2009,
  title = {{Training Graphs of Learning Modules for Sequential Data}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados and Yoshua Bengio},
  year = {2009},
  howpublished = {Working Paper},
  url = {https://portfolioparadigms.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/chapados_seqlearning_acm.pdf},
}

@misc{C:CACG:2003,
  title = {{Comment améliorer la capacité de généralisation des algorithmes d'apprentissage pour la prise de décisions financières}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2003},
  howpublished = {Cirano Scientific Series 2003s-20},
  url = {https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2003s-20.pdf},
}

@misc{C:SAFIR:2003,
  title = {{SAFIR: a Simple API for Financial Information Requests}},
  author = {Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2003},
  howpublished = {Cirano Scientific Series 2003s-21},
  url = {https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2003s-21.pdf},
}

@misc{BBCD:VO:2003,
  title = {{Valorisation d'options par optimisation du Sharpe Ratio}},
  author = {Olivier Bardou and Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados and Réjean Ducharme},
  year = {2002},
  howpublished = {Cirano Scientific Series 2002s-47},
  url = {https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2002s-47.pdf},
}

@misc{BC:EMBMS:2001,
  title = {{Extending Metric-Based Model Selection and Regularization in the Absence of Unlabeled Data}},
  author = {Yoshua Bengio and Nicolas Chapados},
  year = {2001},
  howpublished = {Université de Montréal, département d'informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Technical Report #1200},
}